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Frontman 212R Hum

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  • #46
    Dear JPB, thanks for taking the job of reading, cropping and posting both relevant schematic parts for easier comparison.

    Indeed in FM212 they tried to do everything with that mute; in FM65 they left it only as a thermal protector (fine) and added an extra dedicated mute ... which is silent by definition.

    Dear Enzo: in this case I *guess* (may be wrong) that it depends on perfect (or near perfect) symmetry on everything to the right of Q12/Q13 since there is nothing active controlling it.
    As long as parts come from the same batch, same parts bin, as is common in large scale production where they might have sourced 10000 of everything in large orders, reasonable symmetry is practically guaranteed.

    But even for such a good Company as Fender, maybe one batch of , say, whatever they used for Q11/12/13 runs out in the middle of a production and the new transistor in the "machinegun ammo roll" loaded in the pick and place machine has more or less Hfe (which is normal) , now the mirror stage powered by them will not be that balanced any more, and main rails ripple won't fully cancel.
    Just one imagined situation, not saying that's exactly what's happening.

    Now in a normal/working amp, no big deal.
    Since these amps usually have some 60 to 70dB open loop gain, which NFB pads down to some 20/26dB (10 to 20X gain) you usually have some "spare" 40dB gain reserve to iron out distortion, reject rail ripple, etc.
    That margin disappears when you nuke the input stage, so I guess *most* amps will not have problems, but a few might ... or might develop it after some time or even worse, after parts replacement, even if nominally the same.
    Just polishing the crystal ball, of course, but I guess Fender being the serious company they are, must have had a few "mystery hum" cases, enough to slightly modify the circuit.
    Juan Manuel Fahey

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    • #47
      Oh, no argument on that, but I can't recall ever having that particular symptom on one of these, so I am left thinking it isn't some systematic failure, just something wrong with this particular unit.
      Education is what you're left with after you have forgotten what you have learned.

      Comment


      • #48
        Will someone with one of the offending amps kindly take a few voltage measurements?

        Specifically, Q8 Base voltage at Mute & at Unmute.
        Also Q8 Collector voltage. Same conditions.

        The FM65R indicates -31Vdc with no Input Signal.

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        • #49
          This is a very interesting thread.......I do hope the problem is located as I would be very eager to know what the cause was....

          Comment


          • #50
            Right - here's the cause and solution:
            First - the humm is a medium to loud 100Hz (120Hz in the US) straight from the PSU Full Rectifier.
            It is definitively caused by the mute circuit but not every amp will do it - it depends mainly on three different things:
            - the value of the temp PTC (they are not very precise)
            - the HFE of Q6 and Q7
            - the amount of residual humm on the -16V rail

            The problem ONLY occurs when the mute circuit is engaged - ie nothing plugged in either of the two input jacks or the effects return jack.

            What happens when R73 is bulled to ground - the circuit Q6/Q76 becomes a current amplifier circuit who's efficiency is governed by the HFE's and the value of the PTC. The idea is the shut down the constant current circuit formed by Q8, D20 and R82 - but depending on the amplification value the mute circuit now controls the current through the constant current circuit - in effect amplifying the residual 100Hz (120Hz) on the 16V rail.

            So - that is done - now the fix:

            Install a resistor 220kOhm or more (I tested 220kOhm and up to 1MOhm - they all work - depending on the amplification value of the mute circuit) from the collector of Q7 (attach it to the leg of R72) to ground Cathode of Diode D18 (is just on the diagonal other side of Q7). This absorbs the amplified current from the mute circuit and the humm is gone.

            Now - have fun with the Frontman 212R !!

            Comment


            • #51
              Right - here's the cause and solution:
              First - the humm is a medium to loud 100Hz (120Hz in the US) straight from the PSU Full Rectifier.
              It is definitively caused by the mute circuit but not every amp will do it - it depends mainly on three different things:
              - the value of the temp PTC (they are not very precise)
              - the HFE of Q6 and Q7
              - the amount of residual humm on the -16V rail

              The problem ONLY occurs when the mute circuit is engaged - ie nothing plugged in either of the two input jacks or the effects return jack.

              What happens when R73 is pulled to ground - the circuit Q6/Q76 now becomes a current amplifier circuit who's efficiency is governed by the HFE's of Q6/Q7 and the value of the PTC. The idea is the shut down the constant current circuit formed by Q8, D20 and R82 - but depending on the amplification value the mute circuit now controls the current through the constant current circuit - in effect amplifying the residual 100Hz (120Hz) on the 16V rail.

              So - that is done - now the fix:

              Install a resistor 220kOhm or more (I tested 220kOhm and up to 1MOhm - they all work - depending on the amplification value of the mute circuit) from the collector of Q7 (attach it to the leg of R72) to ground Cathode of Diode D18 (is just on the diagonal other side of Q7). This absorbs the amplified current from the mute circuit and the humm is gone.

              Now - have fun with the Frontman 212R !!
              Last edited by wernersaurus; 08-14-2015, 10:33 PM.

              Comment


              • #52
                Hell of a first post dude, and thanks!

                Comment


                • #53
                  I agree with Drewl...just like listening to Mr. Carlson of Mr. Carlson's lab on the YouTuber! Very logical & understandable explanation of how that mute ckt and constant current circuit works. Thanx for taking the time. g

                  Comment


                  • #54
                    just getting back at this now........will pull the board and check the grounding of the jacks.....will post back later in the week........thanks for that link g1.....it is awesome......

                    Comment


                    • #55
                      Originally posted by Mars Amp Repair View Post
                      I agree with Drewl...just like listening to Mr. Carlson of Mr. Carlson's lab on the YouTuber! Very logical & understandable explanation of how that mute ckt and constant current circuit works. Thanx for taking the time. g
                      another guy on youtube is xraytonyb.......I find his videos also very informative......

                      Comment


                      • #56
                        ok......I used a 470K resistor and clipped it into the circuit just to check....works great....no more buzzing.....as long as you keep the volume turned down until you plug in a guitar it will work out just fine......it is a very good and simple way to get rid of this annoying buzz....I will let the owner know.......I am sure he will be very pleased....he said the buzzing was always there.........a very big thank you to g1 for posting the link and a very big thank you to the person who figured this out....

                        Comment


                        • #57
                          Originally posted by bsco View Post
                          a very big thank you to the person who figured this out....
                          That would be wernersaurus in post # 50 above.
                          Originally posted by Enzo
                          I have a sign in my shop that says, "Never think up reasons not to check something."


                          Comment


                          • #58
                            Originally posted by wernersaurus View Post
                            Right - here's the cause and solution:
                            First - the humm is a medium to loud 100Hz (120Hz in the US) straight from the PSU Full Rectifier.
                            It is definitively caused by the mute circuit but not every amp will do it - it depends mainly on three different things:
                            - the value of the temp PTC (they are not very precise)
                            - the HFE of Q6 and Q7ers
                            - the amount of residual humm on the -16V rail

                            The problem ONLY occurs when the mute circuit is engaged - ie nothing plugged in either of the two input jacks or the effects return jack.

                            What happens when R73 is bulled to ground - the circuit Q6/Q76 becomes a current amplifier circuit who's efficiency is governed by the HFE's and the value of the PTC. The idea is the shut down the constant current circuit formed by Q8, D20 and R82 - but depending on the amplification value the mute circuit now controls the current through the constant current circuit - in effect amplifying the residual 100Hz (120Hz) on the 16V rail.

                            So - that is done - now the fix:

                            Install a resistor 220kOhm or more (I tested 220kOhm and up to 1MOhm - they all work - depending on the amplification value of the mute circuit) from the collector of Q7 (attach it to the leg of R72) to ground Cathode of Diode D18 (is just on the diagonal other side of Q7). This absorbs the amplified current from the mute circuit and the humm is gone.

                            Now - have fun with the Frontman 212R !!
                            Thank you very much for posting this.....It is awesome....and it works great...I used a 470K resistor for the mod.....you should be working for some of these manufacturers to teach them how to make decent amp... once again...thank you very much......

                            Comment

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